Anaerobic bacteria

Anaerobic bacteria are organisms that are capable of surviving and growing in an atmosphere of little or no oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria can be further broken down based on their relationship to oxygen: obligate, aerotolerant or facultative anaerobe. They can be found in a variety of environments ranging from soil and water to the bodies of humans and other animals. Many anaerobic bacteria are found normally in the human body; in fact, in the intestines of humans, anaerobic bacteria outnumber aerobic bacteria 1,000 to 1.

Comments

Change Management System

US Market (Supplement): Post approval drug manufacturing supplement for NDAs/ ANDA submitted to FDA for Major or Moderate manufacturing change. Major change - If a manufacturing change is considered to be major, an applicant must submit and receive FDA approval of a prior-approval supplement (PAS) before the drug product made with the change is distributed. Moderate change- If a manufacturing change is considered to be moderate, an applicant must submit a supplement at least 30 days before the drug product is distributed (a CBE-30 supplement) or, in some cases, submit a supplement at the time of distribution (a CBE-0 supplement). “CBE” means “changes-being-effected”. Post manufacturing supplement - 1. CBE 0 (Change being effected before 00 days): 2. CBE 30 (Change being effected before 30 days): 3. PAS (Prior approval supplement): EUROPE Market (Variation): A variation to the terms of a marketing authorization is an amendment to the contents of the docume...

NVPC

NVPC Online NVPC: Make= Beckman; Model= Met one 6015P; Capacity= 1CFM SOFTWARE= EnVigil Critical alarm: Critical alarms are those alarms when generated indicate excursion which may impact the product quality. Alarm generated in location where the NVPC probe is in close proximity to the product/ sterile container closure/ product contact path. Location for critical alarms includes grade A location - Filling station, Bunging station, Bunging Hopper station, Portable cart, IOS station, AGV station, Near lyophilizer door open, between lyophilizers (near Lyo) and Lyo LAF (rigid barrier transfer conveyor). Critical alarms include the following- 1. Particle count excursion beyond the acceptance criteria at a particular location. 2. Sensor Failure, Counter Flow Failure, ERROR or SKIPPED message. Ensure and verify the status of counter flow to meet the below set limit- Target Counter flow – 1.0 CFM. Minimum counter flow: ...

Air velocity measurement and correlation to smoke study

Air velocity measurement As part of risk assessment this evaluation should also consider the selection of locations for the critical control points for monitoring air velocity as well as viable and non-viable particles. 1. Problem Statement- Where should airflow velocity measurements be taken with respect to a filling line or other aseptic processing areas? Recommendation Airflow velocity measurements should be taken at locations where meaningful and reproducible results can be obtained. This is typically at a distance of 6 inches from the filter face . Rationale for Recommendation The primary reason for airflow velocity measurements in unidirectional airflow areas (e.g., areas where product, product contact packaging components, and product contact surfaces are exposed) is to assure there is adequate airflow to protect the materials from external airborne contamination . Accurate measurements can be taken and changes over time detected when airflow velocities are e...

SHANKAR GUPTA

Search This Blog